Iron viking KNIFE / Ancient
Iron viking KNIFE / Ancient
US $15.00
 Ancient Viking Iron Battle Spearhead
Ancient Viking Iron Battle Spearhead
US $15.00
 lot Ancient Viking Iron Battle harpoon / Spearhead
lot Ancient Viking Iron Battle harpoon / Spearhead
US $20.00
 LOT 3 Antiquities Iron viking KNIFE / Ancient
LOT 3 Antiquities Iron viking KNIFE / Ancient
US $10.00
LOT 2 Antiquities Iron viking labor tools / KNIFE / Ancient
LOT 2 Antiquities Iron viking labor tools / KNIFE / Ancient
US $20.00
 Antiquities Iron viking Battle Axe / Ancient Battle AXE
Antiquities Iron viking Battle Axe / Ancient Battle AXE
US $29.00
 Phoenicia / Levant .Iron age bronze ancient weight. Antiquities Archaeology.
Phoenicia / Levant .Iron age bronze ancient weight. Antiquities Archaeology.
US $49.99
 Ancient Viking Iron Knife SCRAMOSAX.
Ancient Viking Iron Knife SCRAMOSAX.
US $39.99
Ancient Iron Viking Battle AXE.(A1)
Ancient Iron Viking Battle AXE.(A1)
US $29.99
 Ancient Iron Viking Battle AXE.(A2)
Ancient Iron Viking Battle AXE.(A2)
US $29.99
 Ancient Iron Viking Battle AXE.(A3)
Ancient Iron Viking Battle AXE.(A3)
US $39.99
 Ancient Artifact VIKING Iron Axehead
Ancient Artifact VIKING Iron Axehead
US $29.99
Ancient Iron Viking Battle AXE.(A4).
Ancient Iron Viking Battle AXE.(A4).
US $49.99
 Ancient Artifact VIKING Battle Iron Axehead
Ancient Artifact VIKING Battle Iron Axehead
US $32.99
 Ancient Artifact VIKING Iron Spearhead
Ancient Artifact VIKING Iron Spearhead
US $24.99
 JUDAEA Iron Age - ancient Bone Seal with LION / Amulet Holy land Archaeology !
JUDAEA Iron Age - ancient Bone Seal with LION / Amulet Holy land Archaeology !
US $69.99
METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3346
METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3346
US $7.00
 Ancient Artifact VIKING Battle Iron Axehead
Ancient Artifact VIKING Battle Iron Axehead
US $29.99
 Ancient Vikings, IRON CLASSIC BATTLE AXE HEAD .
Ancient Vikings, IRON CLASSIC BATTLE AXE HEAD .
US $49.97
 JUDAEA Kingdom Stone Seal Iron age 10-9C.BC Capricorn Authentic Genuine Ancient
JUDAEA Kingdom Stone Seal Iron age 10-9C.BC Capricorn Authentic Genuine Ancient
US $49.99
JUDAEA / Phoenicia Iron Age weight Egyption type RAM Authentic Genuine Ancient
JUDAEA / Phoenicia Iron Age weight Egyption type RAM Authentic Genuine Ancient
US $449.99
 Big Canaanite Judaea / Early Iron Age. Ancient SEAL / SCARAB ARCHAEOLOGY.
Big Canaanite Judaea / Early Iron Age. Ancient SEAL / SCARAB ARCHAEOLOGY.
US $99.99
 JUDAEA Kingdom Bone Seal Iron age 8-7C.BC. Authentic Genuine Ancient
JUDAEA Kingdom Bone Seal Iron age 8-7C.BC. Authentic Genuine Ancient
US $69.99
 Metal Detector Find Ancient ROMAN to MEDIEVAL ARTIFACT - IRON ARROWHEAD 8034
Metal Detector Find Ancient ROMAN to MEDIEVAL ARTIFACT - IRON ARROWHEAD 8034
US $19.00
AUTHENTIC ANCIENT UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE BLADE K3200
AUTHENTIC ANCIENT UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE BLADE K3200
US $18.00
 AUTHENTIC ANCIENT UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE K3161
AUTHENTIC ANCIENT UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE K3161
US $7.00
 AUTHENTIC ANCIENT MIGRATION PERIOD IRON AXE RT 76
AUTHENTIC ANCIENT MIGRATION PERIOD IRON AXE RT 76
US $249.00
 ANCIENT MONGOL IRON ARROWHEAD 12th-14th CENTURY RT 7-3
ANCIENT MONGOL IRON ARROWHEAD 12th-14th CENTURY RT 7-3
US $59.00
ANCIENT ROMAN IRON CROSSBOW BOLT RT 9-2
ANCIENT ROMAN IRON CROSSBOW BOLT RT 9-2
US $59.00
 METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3315
METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3315
US $15.00
 Ancient VIKING Iron Artifact - DOUBLE HEADED AXE Y 3
Ancient VIKING Iron Artifact - DOUBLE HEADED AXE Y 3
US $279.00
 METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3375
METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3375
US $7.00
Rare original ancient Roman iron tanged Javelin arrowhead intact spear blade
Rare original ancient Roman iron tanged Javelin arrowhead intact spear blade
US $35.00
 ancient war ax, 8-9 century, iron
ancient war ax, 8-9 century, iron
US $35.00
 ANCIENT CHINESE GOVERNMENT IRON SEAL CHOP 18TH CENTURY
ANCIENT CHINESE GOVERNMENT IRON SEAL CHOP 18TH CENTURY
US $199.00
 1800'S ANCIENT MALAYSIAN? FIGURAL IRON NUT CRACKER?, NR
1800'S ANCIENT MALAYSIAN? FIGURAL IRON NUT CRACKER?, NR
US $29.99
Antique, Ancient - Two Iron Keys 17th-18th C.
Antique, Ancient - Two Iron Keys 17th-18th C.
US $135.00
 Ancient ornament ,FIBULA,iron ornaments on the mantle
Ancient ornament ,FIBULA,iron ornaments on the mantle
US $19.99
 AUTHENTIC ANCIENT VIKING IRON AXE RT 75
AUTHENTIC ANCIENT VIKING IRON AXE RT 75
US $299.00
 Ancient Iron Age Bowl, Genuine Artifact 1000BC
Ancient Iron Age Bowl, Genuine Artifact 1000BC "Time of the First Temple" Judaea
US $137.50
Metal Detector Find Ancient ROMAN to MEDIEVAL ARTIFACT - IRON ARROWHEAD 8033
Metal Detector Find Ancient ROMAN to MEDIEVAL ARTIFACT - IRON ARROWHEAD 8033
US $24.00
 AUTHENTIC ANCIENT UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE BLADE K3066
AUTHENTIC ANCIENT UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE BLADE K3066
US $8.00
 ANCIENT MONGOL IRON ARROWHEAD 8th-14th CENTURY RT 6-12
ANCIENT MONGOL IRON ARROWHEAD 8th-14th CENTURY RT 6-12
US $39.00
 AUTHENTIC ANCIENT DACIAN IRON SIKA SWORD RT 55-1
AUTHENTIC ANCIENT DACIAN IRON SIKA SWORD RT 55-1
US $149.00
ANCIENT HUNNIC IRON ARROWHEAD 4th-5th CENTURY RT 16-2
ANCIENT HUNNIC IRON ARROWHEAD 4th-5th CENTURY RT 16-2
US $99.00
 Metal Detector Find Ancient ROMAN to MEDIEVAL ARTIFACT - IRON ARROWHEAD 8069
Metal Detector Find Ancient ROMAN to MEDIEVAL ARTIFACT - IRON ARROWHEAD 8069
US $59.00
 Metal Detector Find Ancient ROMAN / MEDIEVAL ARTIFACT - IRON KEY 8071
Metal Detector Find Ancient ROMAN / MEDIEVAL ARTIFACT - IRON KEY 8071
US $29.00
 AUTHENTIC ANCIENT UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE K3147
AUTHENTIC ANCIENT UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE K3147
US $12.00
Ancient VIKING IRON Artifact - BELT FITTING A41
Ancient VIKING IRON Artifact - BELT FITTING A41
US $79.00
 METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3314
METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3314
US $12.00
 METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3374
METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3374
US $9.00
 Ancient Viking Battle Iron Spearhead
Ancient Viking Battle Iron Spearhead
US $54.00
METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3344
METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3344
US $9.00
 Ancient Viking Iron Artifact
Ancient Viking Iron Artifact
US $60.00
 Metal Detector Find Ancient ROMAN to MEDIEVAL ARTIFACT - IRON ARROWHEAD 8032
Metal Detector Find Ancient ROMAN to MEDIEVAL ARTIFACT - IRON ARROWHEAD 8032
US $19.00
 ANCIENT MEDIEVAL IRON SWALLOWTAIL ARROWHEAD 6630
ANCIENT MEDIEVAL IRON SWALLOWTAIL ARROWHEAD 6630
US $49.00
AUTHENTIC ANCIENT GERMANIC IRON THROWING AXE RT 80
AUTHENTIC ANCIENT GERMANIC IRON THROWING AXE RT 80
US $249.00
 Metal Detector Find Ancient ROMAN to MEDIEVAL ARTIFACT - IRON ARROWHEAD 8040
Metal Detector Find Ancient ROMAN to MEDIEVAL ARTIFACT - IRON ARROWHEAD 8040
US $59.00
 ANCIENT MONGOL IRON ARROWHEAD 8th-14th CENTURY RT 6-2
ANCIENT MONGOL IRON ARROWHEAD 8th-14th CENTURY RT 6-2
US $59.00
 Metal Detector Find Ancient ROMAN to MEDIEVAL ARTIFACT - IRON ARROWHEAD 8068
Metal Detector Find Ancient ROMAN to MEDIEVAL ARTIFACT - IRON ARROWHEAD 8068
US $49.00
ANCIENT ROMAN / MEDIEVAL IRON ARROWHEAD 2677
ANCIENT ROMAN / MEDIEVAL IRON ARROWHEAD 2677
US $29.00
 METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3373
METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3373
US $7.00
 AUTHENTIC ANCIENT UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE K3130
AUTHENTIC ANCIENT UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE K3130
US $29.00
 Ancient Roman Iron Fire Starter w/attached Chain--Striker--Blacksmith
Ancient Roman Iron Fire Starter w/attached Chain--Striker--Blacksmith
US $47.20
Ancient Roman Iron Key--Blacksmith 2,000 Years Old-RARE
Ancient Roman Iron Key--Blacksmith 2,000 Years Old-RARE
US $70.40
 ANCIENT CHINESE GOVERNMENT IRON SEAL CHOP 18TH CENTURY
ANCIENT CHINESE GOVERNMENT IRON SEAL CHOP 18TH CENTURY
US $299.00
 Ancient Judaea Iron Age Oil Lamp Holy Land
Ancient Judaea Iron Age Oil Lamp Holy Land
US $36.00
 METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3343
METAL DETECTOR FIND Ancient Artifact UNCLEANED IRON KNIFE SEAX BLADE K3343
US $19.00
Authentic Ancient Iron Age Spear Point..Free USA &Canada Shipping
Authentic Ancient Iron Age Spear Point..Free USA &Canada Shipping
US $9.99
 Ancient Viking Iron Battleaxe
Ancient Viking Iron Battleaxe
US $50.00
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Ancient Iron
how did the ancient Japanese smelt iron and made steel?

Japan was never endowed with any great quantity of high quality ores so was obliged to use sand ores (very low percentage iron) a process generally avoided, due to its inefficency, in China, Europe, India etc.
Both a.)reduction & b.) blast (melting) processes were known. b.) involved the production of ingots of pig iron which could be further heated and worked to form low grade steel. It is unclear whether the Japanese ever used the Chinese "puddling" method which greatly speeded the process & improved the end product. Likewise the fining process was inefficient compared to European processes, so high quality products were only produced by method a.)

a.) tended to untilise the best iron sands which would be heated to below melting point when the slag would run off leaving the steel in-situ with a whole lot of glass & some pig iron mixed in. The resultant bloom (a steel & glass "sponge") would need hammered & folded until it had reached the desired carbon content.

Iron poverty & the inefficency of extracting the type they had ensured that the Japanese refined their method rather than innovating new methods as occured in China & later Europe (hence pattern welded swords disapearing from Europe). The end product both high & low quality was a luxury good; hence the good stuff became really very good.



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