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Roman Empire, how was it different from other civilizatons?
What made the empire different from the civilizations thats came before it. Why was it special and unique? Was it the government? And why did it end up falling apart?
Roman culture was very organized.. Many things resulted from that mindset:
Levels of political and military office, with specific powers that made roles in governance and military command clear and very efficient. Also, citizenship status (and with it protection under the law) was used to apply the same laws around the empire and promote loyalty and cultural assimilation and military service.
Large scale innovative projects such as roads, aqueducts, sewage systems allowed for large populations and increased commerce and the speed at which armies could move. Cities were built and modified around the empire to model themselves after Rome, making the empire easier to maintain.
Disciplined army that was uniform and adaptable with many levels of command. Uniformity meant most soldiers in the empire was trained and armed the exact same way and any man from anywhere could be used with any other man to form armies at any time for almost any purpose. Having such uniformity in the multi-purpose form of the legions meant Rome could use them as different types of infantry depending on the situation, whereas previous militaries needed many specialized units: Legionaries acted as spearmen, heavy swordsmen, and javelin throwers and were trained in siege warfare. They were capable of changing formation easily and rotating units in and out of the front lines during battle.
These Roman concepts and practices are the basis for modern civilization.
The empire began to decline because they were spread too thin attempting to control far off lands which were being attacked by invading tribes from every direction, especially the Germanic tribes which influenced and transformed the western empire. The empire required an enormous amount of money to maintain its roads, aqueducts, and armies so they were forced to increase taxes which forced too much stress on the economy and slowly all the different factors began to weaken it and lose territory. Emperor Diocletian split the empire in two to make it easier to govern but ultimately this led to the western empire fading away and the eastern empire becoming a Greek Christian empire that would struggle but remain for centuries.
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